Vulva cancer is a rare gynaecological cancer that forms in the external female genitalia, often starting in the labia. It most commonly affects older women but can occur at any age. Early detection of vulva cancer significantly improves outcomes.

Symptoms

  • Persistent itching, burning, or pain in the vulva.
  • A lump, sore, or wart-like growth on the vulva that does not heal.
  • Changes in vulva colour or skin texture, such as thickening or discolouration.
  • Unusual bleeding or discharge not related to menstruation.
  • Pain during urination or intercourse.

Diagnosis

Early diagnosis involves a combination of medical history review and clinical examination.

  • Pelvic Examination: A physical inspection of the vulva to detect abnormalities.
  • Biopsy: A small tissue sample is taken from the suspicious area and is taken for an analysis for cancerous cells.
  • Imaging Tests: CT, MRI, or PET scans may be used to determine if the cancer has spread.

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the cancer’s stage, location, and the patient’s overall health. Common approaches include:

  • Surgery: Wide Local Excision: Removal of the tumour and some surrounding tissue. Vulvectomy: Partial or complete removal of the vulva in advanced cases.
  • Radiation Therapy: High-energy rays target and kill cancer cells, often used before or after surgery.
  • Chemotherapy: Drugs are used to shrink tumours or eliminate cancer cells, typically in advanced or recurrent cases.
  • Targeted Therapy: For specific genetic mutations, targeted drugs can be an option.

If you notice persistent symptoms, seek medical attention promptly. Early intervention is key to improving prognosis and quality of life. Book your consultation with Mr Jaf Abu at Gynae Solution, located at Burjeel Medical City Hospital, Abu Dhabi.